Through a series of sweeping legal changes, Congress empowered Waqf Boards with extraordinary authority — removing time limits on land claims, forcing government land returns, and placing the Waqf Act above other Indian laws, creating a parallel system beyond scrutiny.

Through a series of sweeping legal changes, Congress empowered Waqf Boards with extraordinary authority — removing time limits on land claims, forcing government land returns, and placing the Waqf Act above other Indian laws, creating a parallel system beyond scrutiny.